Kto umawiał się z Alicja (hrabina Vexin)?

Alicja Francuska, znana też jako Alys, Alaïs, Adélaïde, Adèle, Alais lub Alix (ur. 4 października 1160, zm. ok. 1220) – córka króla Francji Ludwika VII Młodego i jego drugiej żony Konstancji Kastylijskiej.

Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199), known as Richard the Lionheart or Richard Cœur de Lion (Old Norman French: Quor de Lion) because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior, was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine, and Gascony; Lord of Cyprus; Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes; and was overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. He was the third of five sons of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine and was therefore not expected to become king, but his two elder brothers predeceased their father.

By the age of 16, Richard had taken command of his own army, putting down rebellions in Poitou against his father. Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France. Despite achieving several victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin, he was ultimately forced to end his campaign without retaking Jerusalem.

Richard probably spoke both French and Occitan, and based on the testimony of Roger of Howden, most likely understood Middle English. He was born in England, where he spent his childhood; before becoming duke of Aquitaine, however, he lived most of his adult life in the Duchy of Aquitaine, in the southwest of France. Following his accession to the crown of England, he spent very little time, perhaps as little as six months, in England. Most of his reign was spent on Crusade, in captivity, or actively defending the French portions of the Angevin Empire. Though regarded as a model king during the four centuries after his death and viewed as a pious hero by his subjects, he was later perceived by historians as a ruler who treated the kingdom of England merely as a source of revenue for his armies rather than a land entrusted to his stewardship. This "Little England" view of Richard has come under increasing scrutiny by modern historians, who view it as anachronistic. Richard I is an enduring iconic figure both in England and in France.

Henryk II Plantagenet lub Andegaweński, Curtmantle, Fitzempress (ur. 5 marca 1133 w Le Mans, zm. 6 lipca 1189 w Chinon) – od 1151 hrabia Andegawenii, od 1154 król Anglii, w różnych czasach kontrolował także część Walii, Szkocji, północną Irlandię i zachodnią Francję.

Syn Godfryda V Plantageneta i Matyldy, córki Henryka I Beauclerc, króla Anglii. W 1151 odziedziczył po ojcu Andegawenię, w 1152 ożenił się z Eleonorą, dziedziczką Akwitanii, a w 1154 został królem Anglii. Jako taki przeprowadził szereg reform wewnętrznych. Skonfliktowany z Thomasem Becketem, arcybiskupem Canterbury. W roku 1171 podbił Irlandię, w 1175 podporządkował sobie Szkocję.

Od 1173 walczył z królami Francji, którzy popierali jego zbuntowanych synów – najpierw Henryka Młodego Króla, później Ryszarda Lwie Serce.

W pamięci wielu pokoleń potomnych pozostał jako ojciec Ryszarda Lwie Serce, którego legenda zdominowała historię całego rodu angielskich Plantagenetów.